Evaluating the synergic effect of waste rubber powder and recycled concrete aggregate on mechanical properties and durability of concrete

Highlights

• By decreasing the ratio of water to cement, the effectiveness of slag on compressive strength reduced.

• Increasing the amount of cement has led to an increase in the positive effect of slag in the long run.

• The compressive strength declines by increasing the replacement percentage of rubber powder.

• Slag, except for early ages, moderates the negative effects of rubber powder by increasing the hydration products.

• Synergic effect of rubber powder and slag led to the greater resistance to chloride ion penetration.

Abstract

The use of waste materials in the concrete mixture can help human beings to preserve the environment and achieve environmentally-friendly concrete. In this study, the influences of simultaneous replacements of cement by waste rubber powder (WRP) and coarse aggregate by recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete were investigated experimentally. To do so, concrete specimens containing the WRP with the replacement ratios of 0 %, 2.5 %, and 5 % by weight of cement, and the RCA with the replacement levels of 0 %, 25 %, and 50 % of coarse aggregate were prepared. Moreover, different water to binder ratios and binder content were used. Mechanical properties of the concrete specimens consisting of compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths and the durability test of rapid chloride migration test (RCMT) were carried out at different ages. It was observed that the mechanical properties of concrete decrease by raising the proportions of recycled materials in all replacement ratios. Because of the negative effects of the WRP and RCA on, respectively, the cement matrix and the interfacial transition zone, the reduction of the mechanical properties are higher for the concrete specimens with both recycled materials. In the case of durability, the migration rate of chloride ions in concrete reduces by increasing the WRP rates due to the blockage of micro-pores connections. However, adding the RCA has a negative effect on the durability performance of concrete. Finally, four equations were proposed and evaluated for the compressive, tensile, flexural strength reduction and durability factors of concrete containing the WRP and RCA using the genetic programming.