skip to main content
10.1145/3205455.3205594acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesgeccoConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Schema-based diversification in genetic programming

Authors Info & Claims
Published:02 July 2018Publication History

ABSTRACT

In genetic programming (GP), population diversity represents a key aspect of evolutionary search and a major factor in algorithm performance. In this paper we propose a new schema-based approach for observing and steering the loss of diversity in GP populations. We employ a well-known hyperschema definition from the literature to generate tree structural templates from the population's genealogy, and use them to guide the search via localized mutation within groups of individuals matching the same schema. The approach depends only on genealogy information and is easily integrated with existing GP variants. We demonstrate its potential in combination with Offspring Selection GP (OSGP) on a series of symbolic regression benchmark problems where our algorithmic variant called OSGP-S obtains superior results.

References

  1. Michael Affenzeller and Stefan Wagner. 2003. A Self-adaptive Model for Selective Pressure Handling within the Theory of Genetic Algorithms. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 384--393.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. Lee Altenberg. 1994. The Evolution of Evolvability in Genetic Programming. In Advances in Genetic Programming, Kenneth E. Kinnear, Jr. (Ed.). MIT Press, Chapter 3, 47--74. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  3. E.K. Burke, S. Gustafson, G. Kendall, and N. Krasnogor. 2003. Is increased diversity in genetic programming beneficial? An analysis of lineage selection. In Evolutionary Computation, 2003. CEC '03. The 2003 Congress on, Vol. 2. 1398--1405 Vol.2.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. Armand R. Burks and William F. Punch. 2016. An analysis of the genetic marker diversity algorithm for genetic programming. Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines (9 2016), 1--33. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. Armand R. Burks and William F. Punch. 2015. An Efficient Structural Diversity Technique for Genetic Programming. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 991--998. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  6. Bogdan Burlacu, Michael Affenzeller, Michael Kommenda, Gabriel Kronberger, and Stephan Winkler. 2017. Analysis of Schema Frequencies in Genetic Programming. Springer International Publishing, Cham.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. Anikó Ekárt and Sandor Z. Németh. 2000. A Metric for Genetic Programs and Fitness Sharing. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Genetic Programming. Springer-Verlag, London, UK, UK, 259--270. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  8. David E. Goldberg and Kalyanmoy Deb. 1991. A comparative analysis of selection schemes used in genetic algorithms. In Foundations of Genetic Algorithms. Morgan Kaufmann, 69--93.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. Michaela Götz, Christoph Koch, and Wim Martens. 2009. Efficient Algorithms for Descendant-only Tree Pattern Queries. Inf. Syst. 34, 7 (Nov. 2009), 602--623. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. Gregory S. Hornby. 2006. ALPS: the age-layered population structure for reducing the problem of premature convergence. In GECCO 2006: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, Vol. 1. ACM Press, Seattle, Washington, USA, 815--822. https://doi.org/ Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Michael Kommenda, Gabriel Kronberger, Stephan Winkler, Michael Affenzeller, and Stefan Wagner. 2013. Effects of Constant Optimization by Nonlinear Least Squares Minimization in Symbolic Regression. In Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference Companion on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO '13 Companion). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1121--1128. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  12. Sean Luke. 2000. Two Fast Tree-Creation Algorithms for Genetic Programming. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 4, 3 (Sept. 2000), 274--283. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. K Matsui. 1999. New selection method to improve the population diversity in genetic algorithms. In Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1999. IEEE SMC'99 Conference Proceedings. 1999 IEEE International Conference on, Vol. 1. IEEE, 625--630.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. Una-May O'Reilly. 1997. Using a Distance Metric on Genetic Programs to Understand Genetic Operators. (1997).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. Riccardo Poli and Nicholas Freitag McPhee. 2003. General Schema theory for genetic programming with subtree-swapping crossover: Part I. Evolutionary Computation 11, 1 (March 2003), 53--66. https://doi.org/ Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  16. Justinian Rosea. 1995. Entropy-Driven Adaptive Representation. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Genetic Programming: From Theory to Real-World Applications. Morgan Kaufmann, 23--32.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  17. Stefan Wagner and Michael Affenzeller. 2005. SexualGA: Gender-Specific Selection for Genetic Algorithms. In Proceedings of the 9th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics (WMSCI). Orlando, United States of America, 76--81.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. Stefan Wagner, Gabriel Kronberger, Andreas Beham, Michael Kommenda, Andreas Scheibenpflug, Erik Pitzer, Stefan Vonolfen, Monika Kofler, Stephan Winkler, Viktoria Dorfer, and Michael Affenzeller. 2014. Advanced Methods and Applications in Computational Intelligence. Topics in Intelligent Engineering and Informatics, Vol. 6. Springer, Chapter Architecture and Design of the HeuristicLab Optimization Environment, 197--261. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-01436-4_10Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  19. David White. 2014. An Overview of Schema Theory. CoRR abs/1401.2651 (2014). arXiv:1401.2651 http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.2651Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  20. Kay Wiese and Scott D. Goodwin. 1998. Keep-best Reproduction: A Selection Strategy for Genetic Algorithms. In Proceedings of the 1998 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC '98). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 343--348. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  21. Wei Yan and Christopher D. Clack. 2006. Behavioural GP diversity for dynamic environments: an application in hedge fund investment. In GECCO 2006: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, Vol. 2. ACM Press, Seattle, Washington, USA, 1817--1824. https://doi.org/ Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library

Index Terms

  1. Schema-based diversification in genetic programming

        Recommendations

        Comments

        Login options

        Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

        Sign in
        • Published in

          cover image ACM Conferences
          GECCO '18: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference
          July 2018
          1578 pages
          ISBN:9781450356183
          DOI:10.1145/3205455

          Copyright © 2018 ACM

          Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

          Publisher

          Association for Computing Machinery

          New York, NY, United States

          Publication History

          • Published: 2 July 2018

          Permissions

          Request permissions about this article.

          Request Permissions

          Check for updates

          Qualifiers

          • research-article

          Acceptance Rates

          Overall Acceptance Rate1,669of4,410submissions,38%

          Upcoming Conference

          GECCO '24
          Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference
          July 14 - 18, 2024
          Melbourne , VIC , Australia

        PDF Format

        View or Download as a PDF file.

        PDF

        eReader

        View online with eReader.

        eReader