Abstract
This study proposes a new type of dispatching rule for job shop scheduling problems. The novelty of these dispatching rules is that they can iteratively improve the schedules by utilising the information from completed schedules. While the quality of the schedule can be improved, the proposed iterative dispatching rules (IDRs) still maintain the easiness of implementation and low computational effort of the traditional dispatching rules. This feature makes them more attractive for large-scale manufacturing systems. A genetic programming (GP) method is developed in this paper to evolve IDRs for job shop scheduling problems. The results show that the proposed GP method is significantly better than the simple GP method for evolving composite dispatching rules. The evolved IDRs also show their superiority to the benchmark dispatching rules when tested on different problem instances with makespan and total weighted tardiness as the objectives. Different aspects of IDRs are also investigated and the insights from these analyses are used to enhance the performance of IDRs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson E, Glass C, Potts C (1997) Machine scheduling. In: Aarts L (ed) Local search in combinatorial optimization. Wiley, Chichester, pp 361–414
Applegate D, Cook W (1991) A computational study of the job-shop scheduling instance. ORSA J Comput 3:149–156
Asano M, Ohta H (2002) A heuristic for job shop scheduling to minimize total weighted tardiness. Comput Ind Eng 42:137–147
Baker KR (1984) Sequencing rules and due-date assignments in a job shop. Manag Sci 30:1093–1104
Balas E, Vazacopoulos A (1998) Guided local search with shifting bottleneck for job shop scheduling. Manag Sci 44:262–275
Banzhaf W, Nordin P, Keller R, Francone F (1998) Genetic programming: an introduction. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco
Bierwirth C, Mattfeld DC (1999) Production scheduling and rescheduling with genetic algorithms. Evol Comput 7(1):1–17
Cheng R, Gen M, Tsujimura Y (1996) A tutorial survey of job-shop scheduling problems using genetic algorithms, part I: representation. Comput Ind Eng 30(4):983–997
Cheng R, Gen M, Tsujimura Y (1999) A tutorial survey of job-shop scheduling problems using genetic algorithms, part II: hybrid genetic search strategies. Comput Ind Eng 36(2):343–364
Chiang TC, Shen YS, Fu LC (2008) A new paradigm for rule-based scheduling in the wafer probe centre. Int J Prod Res 46(15):4111–4133
Demirkol E, Mehta S, Uzsoy R (1998) Benchmarks for shop scheduling problems. Eur J Oper Res 109(1):137–141
Dorndorf U, Pesch E (1995) Evolution based learning in a job shop scheduling environment. Comput Oper Res 22(1):25–40
French S (1986) Sequencing and scheduling: an introduction to the mathematics of the job-shop. Ellis Horwood, Chichester
Giffler B, Thompson GL (1960) Algorithms for solving production-scheduling problems. Oper Res 8:487–503
Glover F (1986) Future paths for integer programming and links to artificial intelligence. Comput Oper Res 13:533–549
Goncalves JF, de Magalhaes Mendes JJ, Resende MGC (2005) A hybrid genetic algorithm for the job shop scheduling problem. Eur J Oper Res 167(1):77–95
Hansen P, Mladenovic N (2001) Variable neighborhood search: principles and applications. Eur J Oper Res 130(3):449–467
Hart E, Ross P (1998) A heuristic combination method for solving job-shop scheduling problems. In: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on parallel problem solving from nature, PPSN V, pp 845–854
Hildebrandt T, Heger J, Scholz-Reiter B (2010) Towards improved dispatching rules for complex shop floor scenarios: a genetic programming approach. In: GECCO’10: proceedings of the 12th annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation, pp 257–264
Ingimundardottir H, Runarsson T (2011) Supervised learning linear priority dispatch rules for job-shop scheduling. In: Learning and intelligent optimizatioN (LION 5), pp 263–277
Jakobovic D, Budin L (2006) Dynamic scheduling with genetic programming. In: EuroGP’06: proceedings of the 9th European conference on genetic programming, pp 73–84
Jayamohan MS, Rajendran C (2000) New dispatching rules for shop scheduling: a step forward. Int J Prod Res 38:563–586
Jayamohan MS, Rajendran C (2004) Development and analysis of cost-based dispatching rules for job shop scheduling. Eur J Oper Res 157(2):307–321
Jones A, Rabelo LC (1998) Survey of job shop scheduling techniques. Tech. rep., NISTIR, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA
Koza JR (1992) Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection. MIT Press, Cambridge
Kreipl S (2000) A large step random walk for minimizing total weighted tardiness in a job shop. J Sched 3:125–138
van Laarhoven PJM, Aarts EHL, Lenstra JK (1992) Job shop scheduling by simulated annealing. Oper Res 40(1):113–125
Lawrence S (1984) Resource constrained project scheduling: an experimental investigation of heuristic scheduling techniques. Ph.D. thesis, Graduate School of Industrial Administration, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Li X, Olafsson S (2005) Discovering dispatching rules using data mining. J Sched 8:515–527
Lourenco HR (1995) Job-shop scheduling: computational study of local search and large-step optimization methods. Eur J Oper Res 83(2):347–364
Luke S (2009) Essentials of metaheuristics. Lulu, Raleigh
McKay KN, Safayeni FR, Buzacott JA (1988) Job-shop scheduling theory: what is relevant? Interfaces 18:84–90
Miyashita K (2000) Job-shop scheduling with GP. In: GECCO’00: proceedings of the genetic and evolutionary computation conference, pp 505–512
Mizrak P, Bayhan GM (2006) Comparative study of dispatching rules in a real-life job shop environment. Appl Artif Intell 20:585–607
Nguyen S, Zhang M, Johnston M, Tan KC (2012a) A coevolution genetic programming method to evolve scheduling policies for dynamic multi-objective job shop scheduling problems. In: CEC’12: IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, pp 3332–3339
Nguyen S, Zhang M, Johnston M, Tan KC (2012b) Evolving reusable operation-based due-date assignment models for job shop scheduling with genetic programming. In: EuroGP’12: proceedings of the 15th European conference on genetic programming, LNCS, vol 7244, pp 121–133
Nie L, Shao X, Gao L, Li W (2010) Evolving scheduling rules with gene expression programming for dynamic single-machine scheduling problems. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 50:729–747
Nowicki E, Smutnicki C (1996) A fast taboo search algorithm for the job shop problem. Manag Sci 42:797–813
Panwalkar SS, Iskander W (1977) A survey of scheduling rules. Oper Res 25:45–61
Pardalos P, Shylo O (2006) An algorithm for the job shop scheduling problem based on global equilibrium search techniques. Comput Manag Sci 3:331–348
Petrovic S, Fayad C, Petrovic D, Burke E, Kendall G (2008) Fuzzy job shop scheduling with lot-sizing. Ann Oper Res 159:275–292
Pinedo M, Singer M (1999) A shifting bottleneck heuristic for minimizing the total weighted tardiness in a job shop. Nav Res Logist 46(1):1–17
Pinedo ML (2008) Scheduling: theory, algorithms, and systems, 3rd edn. Springer, New York
Ponnambalam SG, Ramkumar V, Jawahar N (2001) A multiobjective genetic algorithm for job shop scheduling. Prod Plan Control 12(8):764–774
Storer RH, Wu SD, Vaccari R (1992) New search spaces for sequencing problems with application to job shop scheduling. Manag Sci 38(10):1495–1509
Taillard E (1993) Benchmarks for basic scheduling problems. Eur J Oper Res 64(2):278–285
Tay JC, Ho NB (2008) Evolving dispatching rules using genetic programming for solving multi-objective flexible job-shop problems. Comput Ind Eng 54:453–473
Vázquez-Rodríguez JA, Petrovic S (2010) A new dispatching rule based genetic algorithm for the multi-objective job shop problem. J Heuristics 16(6):771–793
Vepsalainen APJ, Morton TE (1987) Priority rules for job shops with weighted tardiness costs. Manage Sci 33:1035–1047
Yamada T, Nakano R (1995) A genetic algorithm with multi-step crossover for job-shop scheduling problems. In: GALESIA: first international conference on genetic algorithms in engineering systems: innovations and applications, pp 146–151
Zhou H, Cheung W, Leung LC (2009) Minimizing weighted tardiness of job-shop scheduling using a hybrid genetic algorithm. Eur J Oper Res 194(3):637–649
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nguyen, S., Zhang, M., Johnston, M. et al. Learning iterative dispatching rules for job shop scheduling with genetic programming. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 67, 85–100 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-013-4756-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-013-4756-9