Abstract
Committee machines are known to improve the performance of individual learners. Evolutionary algorithms generate multiple individuals that can be combined to build committee machines. However, it is not easy to decide how big the committee should be and what members constitute the best committee. In this paper, we present a probabilistic search method for determining the size and members of the committees of individuals that are evolved by a standard GP engine. Applied to a suite of benchmark learning tasks, the GP committees achieved significant improvement in prediction accuracy.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Opitz, W., Shavlik, J.W.: Actively Searching for an Effective Neural-Network Ensemble. Connection Science, 8 (1996) 337–353.
Zhang, B.-T., Joung, J.-G.: Enhancing Robustness of Genetic Programming at the Species Level. Genetic Programming Conference (GP-97), Morgan Kaufmann, (1997) 336–342.
Yao, X., Liu, Y.: Making Use of Population Information in Evolutionary Artificial Neural Networks. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 28B(2) (1998) 417–425.
Zhang, B.-T., Joung, J.-G.: Time Series Prediction Using Committee Machines of Evolutionary Neural Trees. Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 1 (1999) 281–286.
Perron, M.P.: Improving Regression Estimation: Averaging Methods for Variance Reduction with Extensions to General Convex Measure Optimization. PhD thesis, Department of Physics, Brown University, (1993).
Littlestone, N., Warmuth, M.K.: The Weighted Majority Algorithm. Information and Computation, 108 (1994) 212–261.
Haykin, S.: Neural Networks, a Comprehensive Foundation. Prentice Hall. (1994).
Hansen, L., Salamon, P.: Neural Network Ensembles. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12 (1990) 993–1001.
Drucker, H., Cortes, C, Jackel, L.D., LeCun, Y., Vapnik, V.: Boosting and Other Ensemble Methods. Neural Computation, 6(6) (1994) 1289–1301.
Jacobs, R.A.: Bias/variance Analyses of Mixture-of-Experts Architectures. Neural computation, 9 (1997) 369–383.
Hashem, S.: Optimal Linear Combinations of Neural Networks. Neural Networks, 10(4) (1997) 599–614.
Opitz, D., Maclin, R.: Popular Ensemble Methods: An Empirical Study. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 11 (1999) 169–198.
Lemm, J.C.: Mixtures of Gaussian Process Priors. The Ninth International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN 99), (1999) 7–10.
Neri, F., Giordana, A.: A Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Concept Learning. The Sixth international Conference on Genetic Algorithms, (1995) 436–443.
Zhang, B.-T., Ohm, P. and Müehlenbein, H.: Evolutionary Induction of Sparse Neural Trees. Evolutionary Computation, 5(2) (1997) 213–236.
Perron, M.P., Cooper, L.N.: When Networks Disagree: Ensemble Methods for Hybrid Neural Networks. Artificial Neural Networks for Speech and Vision, Chapman & Hall, (1994) 126–142.
Zhang, B.-T.: A Bayesian Framework for Evolutionary Computation, Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 1 (1999) 722–728.
Murphy, P.M., Aha, D.W.: UCI Repository of Machine Learning Datasets (machine-readable data repository). University of California-Irvine, Department of Information and Computer Science, (1994).
Walter, A.T.: Genetic Programming for Feature Discovery and Image Discrimination. In Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Genetic Algorithms, (1993) 303–309.
Gama, J.: Local Cascade Generalization. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference (ICML’98), (1998) 206–214.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhang, BT., Joung, JG. (2000). Building Optimal Committees of Genetic Programs. In: Schoenauer, M., et al. Parallel Problem Solving from Nature PPSN VI. PPSN 2000. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1917. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45356-3_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45356-3_23
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-41056-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45356-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive