Coevolution and the Red Queen effect shape virtual plants
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- @Article{Ebner:2006:GPEM,
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author = "Marc Ebner",
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title = "Coevolution and the Red Queen effect shape virtual
plants",
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journal = "Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines",
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year = "2006",
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volume = "7",
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number = "1",
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pages = "103--123",
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month = mar,
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keywords = "genetic algorithms, genetic programming, Red Queen
effect, Coevolution, Lindenmayer systems, Artificial
plants",
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ISSN = "1389-2576",
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DOI = "doi:10.1007/s10710-006-7013-2",
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size = "21 pages",
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abstract = "According to the Red Queen hypothesis a population of
individuals may be improving some trait even though
fitness remains constant. We have tested this
hypothesis using a population of virtual plants. The
plants have to compete with each other for virtual
sunlight. Plants are modelled using Lindenmayer systems
and rendered with OpenGL. Reproductive success of a
plant depends on the amount of virtual light received
as well as on the structural complexity of the plant.
We experiment with two different modes of evaluation.
In one experiment, plants are evaluated in isolation,
while in other experiments plants are evaluated using
coevolution. When using coevolution plants have to
compete with each other for sunlight inside the same
environment. Coevolution produces much thinner and
taller plants in comparison to bush-like plants which
are obtained when plants are evaluated in isolation.
The presence of other individuals leads to an
evolutionary arms race. Because plants are evaluated
inside the same environment, the leaves of one plant
may be shadowed by other plants. In an attempt to gain
more sunlight, plants grow higher and higher. The Red
Queen effect was observed when individuals of a single
population were coevolving.",
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notes = "L-Systems p103 'continued opened evolution'. Plants
grow near parents on 2-D surface. Multiple genetic
operations. Z-buffer rendering light gives (part of)
fitness, other part from resources to grow plant. P112
Perlin noise 1998.",
- }
Genetic Programming entries for
Marc Ebner
Citations