abstract = "Symbolic regression is a popular genetic programming
(GP) application. Typically, the fitness function for
this task is based on a sum-of-errors, involving the
values of the dependent variable directly calculated
from the candidate expression. While this approach is
extremely successful in many instances, its performance
can deteriorate in the presence of noise. In this
paper, a feature-based fitness function is considered,
in which the fitness scores are determined by comparing
the statistical features of the sequence of values,
rather than the actual values themselves. The set of
features used in the fitness evaluation are customized
according to the target, and are drawn from a wide set
of features capable of characterizing a variety of
behaviours. Experiments examining the performance of
the feature-based and standard fitness functions are
carried out for non-oscillating and oscillating targets
in a GP system which introduces noise during the
evaluation of candidate expressions. Results show
strength in the feature-based fitness function,
especially for the oscillating target.",