abstract = "Spectra-Based Fault Localisation (SBFL) aims to assist
de- bugging by applying risk evaluation formulae
(sometimes called suspiciousness metrics) to program
spectra and ranking statements according to the
predicted risk. Designing a risk evaluation formula is
often an intuitive process done by human software
engineer. This paper presents a Genetic Programming
approach for evolving risk assessment formulae. The
empirical evaluation using 92 faults from four Unix
utilities produces promising results. GP-evolved
equations can consistently outperform many of the
human-designed formulae, such as Tarantula, Ochiai,
Jaccard, Ample, and Wong1/2, up to 5.9 times. More
importantly, they can perform equally as well as Op2,
which was recently proved to be optimal against
If-Then-Else-2 (ITE2) structure, or even outperform it
against other program structures.",
notes = "The program spectra data used in the paper, as well as
the complete empirical results, are available from:
broken Oct 2020
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/s.yoo/evolving-sbfl.html
SIR (flex, grep, gzip, sed), gcov, Linux, pyevolve
(python).