abstract = "A financial asset's volatility exhibits key
characteristics, such as mean-reversion and high
autocorrelation [1], [2]. Empirical evidence suggests
that this volatility autocorrelation exponentially
decays (or exhibits long-range memory) [3]. We employ
Genetic Programming (GP) for volatility forecasting
because of its ability to detect patterns such as the
conditional mean and conditional variance of a
time-series. Genetic Programming is typically applied
to optimisation, searching, and machine learning
applications like classification, prediction etc. From
our experiments, we see that Genetic Programming is a
good competitor to the standard forecasting techniques
like GARCH(1,1), Moving Average (MA), Exponentially
Weighted Moving Average (EWMA). However it is not a
silver bullet: we observe that different forecasting
methods would perform better in different market
conditions. In addition to Genetic Programming, we
consider a heuristic technique that employs a series of
standard forecasting methods and dynamically opts for
the most appropriate technique at a given time. Using a
heuristic technique, we try to identify the best
forecasting method that would perform better than the
rest of the methods in the near out-of-sample horizon.
Our work introduces a preliminary framework for
forecasting 5-day annualised volatility in GBP/USD,
USD/JPY, and EUR/USD.",