abstract = "Cartesian genetic programming (CGP) is an evolutionary
based machine learning method which can automatically
design computer programs or digital circuits. CGP has
been successfully applied in a number of challenging
real-world problem domains. However, the computational
power that the design based on CGP needs for obtaining
innovative results is enormous for most applications.
In CGP, every candidate program is executed to
determine a fitness value, representing the degree to
which it solves the problem. Typically, the most time
consuming part of CGP is the fitness evaluation. This
thesis proposes to introduce coevolution of fitness
predictors to CGP in order to accelerate the
evolutionary design performed by CGP. Fitness
predictors are small subsets of the training data,
which are used to estimate candidate program fitness
instead of performing an expensive objective fitness
evaluation. Coevolution of fitness predictors is an
optimization method of the fitness modeling that
reduces the fitness evaluation cost and frequency,
while maintaining the evolutionary process. In this
thesis, the coevolutionary algorithm is adapted for CGP
and three approaches to fitness predictor encoding are
introduced and examined. The proposed approach is
evaluated using five symbolic regression benchmarks and
in the image filter design problem. The method enabled
us to significantly reduce the time of evolutionary
design for considered class of problems.",