Use of genetic programming to diagnose venous thromboembolism in the emergency department

Created by W.Langdon from gp-bibliography.bib Revision:1.8051

@Article{Engoren:2008:GPEM,

• author = "Milo Engoren and Jeffrey A. Kline",
• title = "Use of genetic programming to diagnose venous thromboembolism in the emergency department",
• journal = "Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines",
• year = "2008",
• volume = "9",
• number = "1",
• pages = "39--51",
• month = mar,
• keywords = "genetic algorithms, genetic programming, Pulmonary embolism, Venous thromboembolic disease, Capnometry, Oximetry",
• ISSN = "1389-2576",
• DOI = "doi:10.1007/s10710-007-9050-x",
• size = "13 pages",
• abstract = "Pulmonary thromboembolism as a cause of respiratory complaints is frequently undiagnosed and requires expensive imaging modalities to diagnose. The objective of this study was to determine if genetic programming could be used to classify patients as having or not having pulmonary thromboembolism using exhaled ventilatory and gas indices as genetic material. Using a custom-built exhaled oxygen and carbon dioxide analyser; exhaled flows, volumes, and gas partial pressures were recorded from patients for a series of deep exhalation and 30 seconds tidal volume breathing. A diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was made by contrast-enhanced computerised tomography angiography of the chest and indirect venography supplemented by 90-day follow-up. Genetic programming developed a series of genomes comprising genes of exhaled CO2, O2, flow, volume, vital signs, and patient demographics from these data and their predictions were compared to the radiological results. We found that 24 of 178 patients had pulmonary embolism. The best genome consisted of four genes: the minimum flow rate during the third 30 s period of tidal breathing, the average peak exhaled CO2 during the first 30 s period of tidal breathing, the average peak of the exhaled O2 during the first 30 s period of tidal breathing, and the average peak exhaled CO2 during the fourth period of tidal breathing, which immediately followed a deep exhalation. This had 100percent sensitivity and 91percent specificity on the construction population and 100percent and 82percent, respectively when tested on the separate validation population. Genetic programming using only data obtained from exhaled breaths was very accurate in classifying patients with suspected pulmonary thromboembolism.",
• notes = "Continuous variables converted to independent 11 deciles. Explicit representation of missing data via 11th decile. No concent of adjacency between deciles. Possibility of gaps between deciles. Fortran, windowsXP, 500 generations. At most 4 genes (to prevent over fitting). ROC",

}

Genetic Programming entries for Milo Engoren Jeffrey A Kline

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