abstract = "Advances in high frequency trading in financial
markets have exceeded the ability of regulators to
monitor market stability, creating the need for tools
that go beyond market microstructure theory and examine
markets in real time, driven by algorithms, as employed
in practice. This paper investigates the design,
performance and stability of high frequency trading
rules using a hybrid evolutionary algorithm based on
genetic programming, with particle swarm optimisation
layered on top to improve the genetic operators'
performance. Our algorithm learns relevant trading
signal information using Foreign Exchange market data.
Execution time is significantly reduced by implementing
computationally intensive tasks using Field
Programmable Gate Array technology. This approach is
shown to provide a reliable platform for examining the
stability and nature of optimal trading strategies
under different market conditions through robust
statistical results on the optimal rules' performance
and their economic value.",
notes = "Dept. of Comput., Imperial Coll. London, London,
UK