organisers = "Erik Fredericks and Paolo Arcaini and Tao Yue and
Rebecca Moussa and Thomas Vogel and Gregory Gay and Max
Hort and Bobby R. Bruce and Jose Miguel Rojas and Vali
Tawosi",
volume = "14415",
series = "LNCS",
pages = "67--83",
address = "San Francisco, USA",
month = "8 " # dec,
publisher = "Springer",
keywords = "genetic algorithms, genetic programming, genetic
improvement, SBSE, Energy Consumption, Carbon
footprint, Green AI, Software engineering, Case study,
Thematic analysis, Web development",
isbn13 = "978-3-031-48795-8",
URL = "https://greg4cr.github.io/pdf/23cfgi.pdf",
DOI = "doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48796-5_5",
size = "15 pages",
abstract = "we explore automated reduction of the carbon footprint
of web pages through genetic improvement, a process
that produces alternative versions of a program by
applying program transformations intended to optimize
qualities of interest. We introduce a prototype tool
that imposes transformations to HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript code, as well as image resources, that
minimize the quantity of data transferred and memory
usage while also minimizing impact to the user
experience (measured through loading time and number of
changes imposed). In an evaluation, our tool
outperforms two baselines: the original page and
randomized changes, in the average case on all projects
for data transfer quantity, and 80% of projects for
memory usage and load time, often with large effect
size. Our results illustrate the applicability of
genetic improvement to reduce the carbon footprint of
web components, and offer lessons that can benefit the
design of future tools.",
notes = "See also MSc http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/306723
https://odr.chalmers.se/items/c832b3a9-609d-40af-bc39-b96278686042
co-located with ESEC/FSE 2023.
https://conf.researchr.org/home/ssbse-2023",