- author = "Csaba Sulyok and Andrew McPherson and Christopher Harte",
- title = "Evolving the process of a virtual composer",
- journal = "Natural Computing",
- year = "2019",
- volume = "18",
- number = "1",
- pages = "47--60",
- month = mar,
- keywords = "genetic algorithms, genetic programming, Linear genetic programming, Turing complete, indexed memory, stack, Evolutionary algorithms Music generation Music evaluation Corpus-based similarity tests",
- ISSN = "1567-7818",
-
URL = "
https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/12837/Sulyok%20Evolving%20the%20process%20of%20a%20virtual%20composer%202016%20Accepted.pdf",
-
URL = "
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9561-6",
-
DOI = "
doi:10.1007/s11047-016-9561-6",
- size = "14 pages",
- abstract = "In this paper we present a genetic programming system that evolves the music composition process rather than the musical product. We model the composition process using a Turing-complete virtual register machine, which renders musical pieces. These are evaluated using a series of fitness tests, which judge their statistical similarity against a corpus of Bach keyboard exercises. We explore the space of parameters for the system, looking specifically at population size, single-versus multi-track pieces and virtual machine instruction set design. Results demonstrate that the methodology succeeds in creating pieces of music that converge towards the properties of the chosen corpus. The output pieces exhibit certain musical qualities (repetition and variation) not specifically targeted by our fitness tests, emerging solely based on the statistical similarities.",
-
notes = "Elitist (generational gap) but maximum age 3
generations, age weight fitness, Generational, halt
instruction, time out, all 256-bit opcodes defined, two
instruction sets tried, 65536 byte
genome.
Complementary phenotype selection \cite{dolin:ppsn2002:pp142}. 30 fitness tests each about 90 seconds (real time). Mutation on top of output of n-point crossover.
Phenotype sequence of 4 bytes: single or two track, inter-onset interval IOI, duration, pitch. 2600 bytes. IOI: MIDI TPQ=4 QPM=120. pitch 0-127 log scale, 69=440Hz concert A. BWV 772-801 http://www.midiworld.com/bach.htm
fitness: length and number of notes, correlation, k-means clustering. 20000 generations. pop size =16,...1024. 'not particularly musical'
http://csabasulyok.bitbucket.org/emc",
