- author = "T. Broughton and Paul S. Coates and Helen Jackson",
- title = "Exploring Three-dimensional design worlds using {Lindenmeyer} Systems and Genetic Programming",
- booktitle = "Evolutionary Design Using Computers",
- publisher = "Academic press",
- year = "1999",
- editor = "Peter Bentley",
- chapter = "14",
- pages = "323--341",
- address = "London, UK",
- keywords = "genetic algorithms, genetic programming",
- ISBN = "0-12-089070-4",
-
URL = "
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/P.Bentley/evdes.html",
-
URL = "http://hdl.handle.net/10552/856",
-
abstract = "The raw Lindenmeyer-system (L-system) generates random
branching structures in the isospatial grid. Using a
three dimensional L-system, early experiments (reported
CAAD Futures 97, \cite{coates:1997:GPx3dw} ) showed
that globally defined useful form (the flytrap) can
evolve quite quickly using one fitness function This
paper will describe further experiments undertaken
using an improved L-system and multigoal evolution to
evolve space/enclosure systems that satisfy both the
requirements of space use and those of enclosure. This
is implemented as symbiotic coevolution between: 1)
L-system branching tree system whose goal is to
surround the largest volume of empty space (defined as
space which is 'invisible' to an outside observer). 2)
Circulation system using walking three dimensional
turtles to measure the spatial property of the enclosed
space. The resulting enclosure phenotypes can be
realised using the occupied isospatial grid points as
nodes of a nurbs surface.
The chapter covers:
1.0 Introduction to Genetic Programming, L-Systems and the Isospatial Grid
2.0 Three dimensional L-systems, production rules and s-expressions
3.0 Evolutionary Experiments in Simple Environments
4.0 Symbiotic Coevolution",
-
notes = "
",
