- author = "William B. Langdon and Terry Soule and Riccardo Poli and James A. Foster",
- title = "The Evolution of Size and Shape",
- booktitle = "Advances in Genetic Programming 3",
- publisher = "MIT Press",
- year = "1999",
- editor = "Lee Spector and William B. Langdon and Una-May O'Reilly and Peter J. Angeline",
- pages = "163--190",
- chapter = "8",
- address = "Cambridge, MA, USA",
- month = jun,
- keywords = "genetic algorithms, genetic programming, bloat",
- ISBN = "0-262-19423-6",
-
URL = "
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/W.Langdon/aigp3/ch08.pdf",
-
URL = "
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/W.Langdon/aigp3/ch08.ps.gz",
-
DOI = "
doi:10.7551/mitpress/1110.003.0012",
-
video_url = "
https://youtu.be/LfEi6grD5aI",
- size = "28 pages",
-
abstract = "The phenomenon of growth in program size in genetic
programming populations has been widely reported. In a
variety of experiments and static analysis we test the
standard protective code explanation and find it to be
incomplete. We suggest bloat is primarily due to
distribution of fitness in the space of possible
programs and because of this, in the absence of bias,
it is in general inherent in any search technique using
a variable length representation.
We investigate the fitness landscape produced by program tree-based genetic operators when acting upon points in the search space. We show bloat in common operators is primarily due to the exponential shape of the underlying search space. Nevertheless we demonstrate new operators with considerably reduced bloating characteristics. We also describe mechanisms whereby bloat arises and relate these back to the shape of the search space. Finally we show our simple random walk entropy increasing model is able to predict the shape of evolved programs.",
-
notes = "Animation of Figure 8.5 on YouTube
https://youtu.be/LfEi6grD5aI and
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/W.Langdon/seminars/aigp3/
AiGP3 See http://cognet.mit.edu",
