abstract = "Evolutionary design has shown as a powerful technique
in solving various engineering problems. One of the
areas in which this approach succeeds is digital image
processing. Impulse noise represents a basic type of
non-linear noise typically affecting a single pixel in
different regions of the image. In order to eliminate
this type noise median filters have usually been
applied. However, for higher noise intensity or wide
range of the noise values this approach leads to
corrupting non-noise pixels as well which results in
images that are smudged or lose some details after the
filtering process. Therefore, advanced filtering
techniques have been developed including a concept of
noise detection or iterative filtering algorithms. In
case of the high noise intensity, a single filtering
step is insufficient to eliminate the noise and obtain
a reasonable quality of the filtered image. Therefore,
iterative filters have been introduced. In this paper
we apply an evolutionary algorithm combined with
Cartesian Genetic Programing representation to design
image filters for the impulse noise that are able to
compete with some of the best conventionally used
iterative filters. We consider the concept of noise
detection to be designed together with the filter
itself by means of the evolutionary algorithm. Finally,
it will be shown that if the evolved filter is applied
iteratively on the filtered image, a high-quality
results can be obtained using lower computational
effort of the filtering process in comparison with the
conventional iterative filters.",
notes = "CEC2011 sponsored by the IEEE Computational
Intelligence Society, and previously sponsored by the
EPS and the IET.