- author = "R. Muhammad Atif Azad and Conor Ryan",
- title = "Structural Emergence with Order Independent Representations",
- booktitle = "Genetic and Evolutionary Computation -- GECCO-2003",
- editor = "E. Cant{\'u}-Paz and J. A. Foster and K. Deb and D. Davis and R. Roy and U.-M. O'Reilly and H.-G. Beyer and R. Standish and G. Kendall and S. Wilson and M. Harman and J. Wegener and D. Dasgupta and M. A. Potter and A. C. Schultz and K. Dowsland and N. Jonoska and J. Miller",
- year = "2003",
- pages = "1626--1638",
- address = "Chicago",
- publisher_address = "Berlin",
- month = "12-16 " # jul,
- volume = "2724",
- series = "LNCS",
- ISBN = "3-540-40603-4",
- publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
- keywords = "genetic algorithms, genetic programming, grammatical evolution",
-
DOI = "
doi:10.1007/3-540-45110-2_57",
-
abstract = "This paper compares two grammar based Evolutionary
Automatic Programming methods, Grammatical Evolution
(GE) and Chorus. Both systems evolve sequences of
derivation rules which can be used to produce computer
programs, however, Chorus employs a position
independent representation, while GE uses polymorphic
codons, the meaning of which depends on the context in
which they are used.
We consider issues such as the order in which rules appear in individuals, and demonstrate that an order always emerges with Chorus, which is similar to that of GE, but more flexible.
The paper also examines the final step of evolution, that is, how perfect individuals are produced, and how they differ from their immediate neighbours.
We demonstrate that, although Chorus appears to be more flexible structure-wise, GE tends to produce individuals with a higher neutrality, suggesting that its representation can, in some cases, make finding the perfect solution easier.",
- notes = "GECCO-2003. A joint meeting of the twelfth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms (ICGA-2003) and the eighth Annual Genetic Programming Conference (GP-2003)",
