abstract = "Tournament selection is the most frequently used form
of selection in Genetic Programming (GP). Tournament
selection chooses individuals uniformly at random from
the population. As noted in [6], even if this process
is repeated many times in each generation, there is
always a non-zero probability that some of the
individuals in the population will not be involved in
any tournament. In certain conditions, typical in GP,
the number of individuals in this category can be
large. Because these individuals have no influence on
future generations, it is possible to avoid creating
and evaluating them without altering in any significant
way the course of a run. [6] proposed an algorithm, the
backward chaining EA (BC-EA), to realised this, but
provided limited empirical evidence as to the
obtainable savings and experimentation was restricted
to fixed-length genetic algorithms. In this paper we
provide a genetic programming implementation of BC-EA
and empirically investigate the efficiency in terms of
fitness evaluations and memory use and effectiveness in
terms of ability to solve problems of BC-GP. Our
results indicate that the efficiency gains obtainable
with this approach can be big.",
notes = "GECCO-2005 A joint meeting of the fourteenth
international conference on genetic algorithms
(ICGA-2005) and the tenth annual genetic programming
conference (GP-2005).
ACM Order Number 910052 ACM gecco2005.bib key
1068306